How to Call a Smart Contract for Staking

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Staking through smart contracts has become a fundamental method for participating in blockchain networks, especially within Ethereum’s ecosystem. This guide walks you through how to interact with a staking smart contract—specifically focusing on calling functions for both large and small ETH deposits. Whether you're a developer or a technically inclined user, this article provides actionable insights into using tools like ethers.js, MetaMask, and contract ABIs to securely stake your assets.

Understanding the Smart Contract Functions

The staking contract used by Kele Pool offers two primary functionalities: large staking and small staking. These allow users to participate in network validation with different thresholds and requirements.

It's crucial to understand that this contract uses an upgradeable proxy pattern based on the open-source OpenZeppelin framework. This means the logic of the contract can be upgraded without changing its address. As such, you must always interact with the proxy contract, not the implementation (logic) contract directly. Calling the wrong contract could result in lost funds or failed transactions.

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Required Tools: ethers.js vs web3.js

To call the contract functions programmatically, you'll need a JavaScript library that interfaces with the Ethereum blockchain. The two most popular options are:

This tutorial uses ethers.js due to its lightweight design, modern syntax, and excellent support for browser and Node.js environments. However, either library can be used depending on your development stack.

You’ll also need:

Contract ABI: Your Gateway to Interaction

The ABI defines all callable functions and events in the smart contract. It acts as a bridge between your frontend code and the blockchain.

Below is the essential ABI snippet for the Kele Pool staking contract (formatted as JSON):

[
  {
    "inputs": [],
    "name": "deposit",
    "outputs": [],
    "stateMutability": "payable",
    "type": "function"
  },
  {
    "inputs": [
      { "internalType": "uint8", "name": "role", "type": "uint8" },
      { "internalType": "bytes", "name": "pubkeys", "type": "bytes" },
      { "internalType": "bytes", "name": "withdrawal_credentials", "type": "bytes" },
      { "internalType": "bytes", "name": "signatures", "type": "bytes" },
      { "internalType": "bytes32[]", "name": "deposit_data_roots", "type": "bytes32[]" }
    ],
    "name": "createValidator",
    "outputs": [],
    "stateMutability": "payable",
    "type": "function"
  },
  {
    "inputs": [],
    "name": "DEPOSIT_AMOUNT",
    "outputs": [{ "internalType": "uint256", "name": "", "type": "uint256" }],
    "stateMutability": "view",
    "type": "function"
  }
]

You can find the full contract code and verify it on Etherscan.

Small Staking: Simple ETH Deposit

For small stakers, the process is straightforward. Users can deposit as little as 0.01 ETH. There's no upper limit—the more ETH deposited, the closer the pool gets to creating a new validator node (requiring 32 ETH).

Once total deposits reach 32 ETH, Kele Pool automatically:

Funds remain secure under institutional-grade custody until Ethereum enables withdrawals post-upgrade.

This model is ideal for retail investors who want exposure to staking rewards without managing complex infrastructure.

Large Staking: Direct Validator Participation

Large stakers must deposit at least 32 ETH, with a maximum of 3200 ETH, depending on gas conditions. Each deposit must be a multiple of 32 ETH plus a 0.05 ETH fee, which covers operational costs.

Unlike small staking, large stakers are responsible for generating their own withdrawal credentials using the official Ethereum Staking Deposit CLI. This generates critical files:

These contain sensitive data including:

🔐 Always back up your mnemonic phrase—it allows recovery of these files at any time.

Example deposit data:

{
  "pubkey": "aa382e5b26eb8a73a305471adcf6e5188835717c31f3e12e5964028216465ce53a33c4f8ff5d28d4d047f4a77c49d349",
  "withdrawal_credentials": "001ae74d19004b360d02d411795cee1451dc20679f13a13aafce7de2448b60cb",
  "amount": 32000000000,
  ...
}

When calling createValidator, you must concatenate multiple validator entries if batching. Loop through each item in the API response, combine pubkey, signature, and deposit_data_root into byte arrays, then pass them as parameters.

Integration Example Using ethers.js

import { ethers } from 'ethers';

// Connect to MetaMask
const provider = new ethers.providers.Web3Provider(window.ethereum);
await provider.send('eth_requestAccounts', []);
const signer = provider.getSigner();

// Contract setup
const contractAddress = '0xYourProxyContractAddress';
const abi = [/* insert ABI here */];
const contract = new ethers.Contract(contractAddress, abi, signer);

// Small deposit (0.1 ETH)
await contract.deposit({ value: ethers.utils.parseEther('0.1') });

// Large deposit with validator data
await contract.createValidator(
  role,
  pubkeys,
  withdrawalCredentials,
  signatures,
  depositDataRoots,
  { value: ethers.utils.parseEther('32.05') }
);

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Partner Integrations and Fee Management

Businesses and partners can collaborate with Kele Pool to customize:

After successful staking, the 0.05 ETH fee per validator is automatically transferred to the partner’s designated wallet. This enables scalable white-label staking solutions.

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q: Why should I use the proxy contract instead of the logic contract?
A: The proxy contract ensures you’re interacting with the current version of the code. The logic contract may be upgraded without notice, making direct calls unsafe or ineffective.

Q: Can I stake less than 32 ETH?
A: Yes! Small staking starts at just 0.01 ETH. Once pooled deposits hit 32 ETH, a validator is created automatically.

Q: What happens if I lose my keystore file?
A: As long as you have your mnemonic phrase, you can regenerate all keys and files using the official Ethereum CLI tool.

Q: Is there a way to automate bulk validator creation?
A: Yes—by looping through multiple deposit entries and concatenating their byte-encoded fields (pubkey, signature, etc.), you can batch-create validators efficiently.

Q: How are staking rewards distributed?
A: While Ethereum doesn’t yet support withdrawals, accrued rewards are tracked internally. Once enabled, users will be able to claim both principal and earnings.

Q: Are my funds safe during staking?
A: Yes. Funds are secured using institutional custody practices. The pool operator manages nodes responsibly, ensuring high uptime and compliance.

Whether you're building a decentralized application or managing enterprise-level staking operations, understanding how to correctly call and interact with staking contracts is vital. With proper tooling and security practices, anyone can participate in Ethereum’s consensus layer.

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